Parenting Pep Talk: Helping Children with Bipolar Disorder

April 2, 2013 Examiner Media Parenting Pep Talk

Bipolar disorder, otherwise known as manic-depressive disorder, is a serious mental condition that affects children’s functioning in school and at home, and it interferes with most relationships. Symptoms of bipolar disorder are more easily recognizable in adults than in children. It is characterized by intense episodes of depression and mania (i.e., heightened energy and excitability) which can each last up to two weeks in adults but can cycle far more rapidly in children, making it more difficult for even a trained clinician to identify and diagnose. Bipolar disorder can be detrimental if untreated, but with proper treatment individuals with bipolar disorder tend to lead fully functioning, successful, and enjoyable lives.

Children and teens in the midst of a manic episode may seem unusually happy and act silly, be irritable and have an extra short temper, talk passionately and non-stop about a variety of topics, have trouble staying focused or develop an unswaying focus on a single goal, or have difficulty sleeping. They are far more likely to engage in risky behaviors such as experimenting with drugs and alcohol, driving too fast, or spending a lot of money. They may think and talk about sex more frequently and make riskier decisions regarding sex with others or on the Internet. It is important to remember that certain Internet communications and downloads are punishable by law. Overall, individuals having a manic episode are extremely impulsive, and this impulsivity can manifest in a variety of ways. A person may overreact to a comment and punch a person or he may become overconfident and drive 100 miles per hour down the Bronx River Parkway.

Children and teens experiencing a depressive episode may complain about physical rather than psychological pain, sleep too little or too much, feel guilty or worthless, lose pleasure in activities that were once pleasurable, eat too much or too little, feel sad overall, or think about death or suicide.

There are no blood or brain imaging tests that can tell you if your child has bipolar disorder. Diagnosis is based on reported and observed symptoms. If bipolar or other mood disorders such as depression run in families, children are more likely to have them. Bipolar disorder is sometimes misdiagnosed as ADHD, borderline personality disorder, or even schizophrenia; however, it is not uncommon for those with bipolar disorder to have coexisting conditions such as ADHD, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse. It is a complicated condition that requires comprehensive assessment and care. Treatment typically involves both medication and therapy. The goal is to stabilize one’s mood so they can learn to change behaviors, manage routines, and get along with family and friends.

Bipolar disorder affects the individual as well as the whole family. Parents and siblings have to endure the mood swings and the unpredictable behaviors. Parents with multiple children must balance caring for their “typical” children alongside their child with extra needs. They worry about the risky behaviors and consequences. It is stressful on everyone. As parents, if you suspect there could be a problem, seek help from a mental health professional, as this is a problem that will not resolve itself. You can also start keeping a log of your child’s moods, behaviors, and sleep. This information can be extremely useful for diagnosis and also to track treatment progress. If your child has bipolar disorder, finding the right kind of help will make a world of difference.

Dr. Jaime Black is a licensed psychologist practicing in Westchester and New York City. In addition to providing general mental health services, Jaime works with individuals of all ages on the autism spectrum, doing psychotherapy, conducting evaluations, and facilitating social skills groups. Visit www.spectrumservicesnyc.com, e-mail JaimeBlackPsyD@gmail.com or call (914)712-8208.